Financing+of+the+United+Nations+Mission+in+South+Sudan



**Financing the United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan** The Security Council, by its Resolution 1590, decided to establish the United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) to support implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed by the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army on 9 January 2005; and to perform certain functions relating to humanitarian assistance, and protection and promotion of human rights. UNMIS remains on the ground to provide good offices and political support to the parties, monitor and verify their security arrangements and offer assistance in a number of areas, including governance, recovery and development. 
 * The Process:**

In 2005, after 22 years of civil war between the National Congress Party (NCP) in the north and the Sudanese People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) in the south, the parties signed the CPA. Shortly afterwards, the UN Security Council authorized the UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) to support the implementation of the CPA. The CPA established a number of benchmarks for the peaceful end of conflict, one of which was holding a referendum on self-determination for South Sudan. In January of 2011, 99% of South Sudanese voted to secede from the north, and on July 9, 2011, South Sudan officially became an independent nation.


 * Colombia and UNMISS:**

The government of Colombia has long been invested in the north-south peace process and, the Colombia Ambassador has reiterated Colombian support for the new Republic of South Sudan, promising that Colombia would be a “true and lasting friend and partner… our support for the cause of peace for the Sudanese people has long been bipartisan and deep, and it will continue to be. We helped broker the Comprehensive Peace Agreement that led us here today, and we will continue to watch over it—and the future to come.”


 * Objective:**

The objective of UNMISS is to support the Government of South Sudan is to meet political, security and protection challenges, building legitimate authority and create an enabling environment for long-term peace-building, state-building and socio-economic development.


 * Ongoing Challenges **


 * Continued instability. ** Since the January 2011 vote to accept the CPA more than 300,000 South Sudanese have migrated from Sudan to South Sudan. This has put immense strain on the South Sudanese government’s ability to cope and has helped foster continued instability throughout the country. In addition, several weeks after fighting broke out in Abyei, clashes erupted between SAF soldiers (Sudan) and southern-aligned forces in the Sudanese states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile, displacing an additional 363,000 people. However, since the UNMIS mandate expired, UN peacekeepers are no longer positioned on the northern side of the border to monitor outbreaks of violence.


 * Outstanding issues of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA). ** The CPA established a number of benchmarks for the peaceful end of conflict between north and south Sudan. While some of these benchmarks have been implemented, including the January referendum on secession, a number of key issues remain unresolved. In addition to disputes over the demarcation of the border, Khartoum and Juba have yet to agree on how to share revenues from South Sudan’s oil fields. While South Sudan controls more than three-quarters of the two countries’ oil reserves, South Sudanese oil must be shipped to the north, which runs the refineries and ports from which the oil is exported.


 * Citizenship. ** As of South Sudanese independence, there were between 1.5 and 2 million South Sudanese living in the Republic of Sudan. Hundreds of thousands have returned to the South, but hundreds of thousands more still remain. In this context, the rights and protections of minority communities have still not been addressed by the Khartoum government, creating fear that South Sudanese may become victims of marginalization, discrimination, and harassment.

Source: http://www.betterworldcampaign.org/un-peacekeeping/missions/south-sudan.html


 * Facts & Figures: **
 * 5,484 total uniformed personnel:
 * 4,920 troops
 * 182 military observers
 * 382 police
 * 691 international civilian personnel*
 * 1,071 local civilian staff*
 * 212 United Nations Volunteers

__Requests__ all UN members to pursue their funding and contributions to United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) in order to maintain the long-term statebuilding and economic development South Sudan requires to successfully integrate itself within the international community.

__Further requests__ all UN members to continue their funding of United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) and further expand this mission's budget in order to further aid the Republic of South Sudan in developing its capacity to provide security, to establish a rule of law, and to strengthen their security and justice sector.

__Solemnly affirms__ that the continuous funding for United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) may be the sole manner through which the United Nations can demonstrate its support for South Sudan's future implementation of mechanisms of the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration program.